4/7/2024 0 Comments Particle illusion alternativeThese masses represent a strong departure from earlier approaches which treated the masses for the U and D as about 1/3 the mass of a proton, since in the quark model the proton has three quarks. The numbers in the table are very different from numbers previously quoted and are based on the July 2010 summary in Journal of Physics G, Review of Particle Physics, Particle Data Group. The masses must be implied indirectly from scattering experiments. *The masses should not be taken too seriously, because the confinement of quarks implies that we cannot isolate them to measure their masses in a direct way. There was a recent claim of observation of particles with five quarks ( pentaquark), but further experimentation has not borne it out. Quarks are observed to occur only in combinations of two quarks (mesons), three quarks (baryons). The most familiar baryons are the proton and neutron, which are each constructed from up and down quarks. They can successfully account for all known mesons and baryons (over 200). In the present standard model, there are six "flavors" of quarks. Quarks and Leptons are the building blocks which build up matter, i.e., they are seen as the "elementary particles".
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